ALTNV is a new zoonotic RNA virus of the genus Orthonairovirus, family Nairoviridae, order Bunyavirales (bunyaviruses).

This genus also includes Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHF), Nairobi sheep disease virus (NSDV) and a number of other human and animal viruses, transmitted mainly by ticks.

The virus is transmitted by Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks of the family Ixodidae. This tick species is found in temperate regions of East Asia (China, Korea, Vietnam, Thailand) and on Pacific islands. It also occurs in the south of the Russian Far East (Primorsky Krai). The Republic of Belarus is outside the range of this tick species.

The virus causes a flu-like illness with an acute onset of fever, chills, headache, myalgia and severe weakness; gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain) are possible. In severe cases, a sharp drop in platelet count develops, which reduces blood clotting and leads to bleeding. People with weakened immunity are at increased risk.

All confirmed cases of infection (more than three hundred cases) and detections of the virus in ticks have been recorded only in China. No cases have been identified outside the country.

There is currently no specific antiviral treatment or prevention for the disease; symptomatic treatment is provided.

To prevent infection, follow the basic measures for preventing tick-borne infections, especially when staying in areas affected by this infection (avoid tall grass, shrubs and woodland during the tick season, wear light-colored clothing that covers exposed skin, use repellents, etc.).

If fever, weakness or gastrointestinal symptoms appear within 2 weeks after a tick bite or a visit to endemic areas, seek medical care at a healthcare organization and inform the doctor about the tick bite and where you have stayed.

The country has everything necessary to diagnose and treat the disease caused by ALTNV.